A STUDY OF PHONOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF MENTOK DIALECT OF BANGKA LANGUAGE IN PUSUK DISTRICT OF KELAPA WEST BANGKA REGION

The phonological system is a language system used by a society to distinguish itself from other societies. Bangka language is part of Malay cluster. This paper was written to describe Bangka language phonological system in Mentok dialect used in Pusuk based on (1) vowels, (2) consonant system, (3) diphthong, (4) distributions of vowels, consonants, and diphthongs, and (5) phonemic principle. The method used in this research was qualitative method. The data in this study was 248 basic vocabularies of Swadesh-based UnCen-SIL Wordlist. The data was collected with basic technique “conversation technique”, followed by “noting and recording technique”. The finding of Bangka language phonological system in Mentok dialect used in Pusuk was 9 vowels, 19 consonants, and 4 diphthongs. The distributions of vowel and consonant were incomplete. There was an allophone found in the study.


INTRODUCTION
Language is a system of conventional spoken, manual, or written symbols by means of which human beings, as members of a social group and participants in its culture express themselves.
Language is used every day in our communication. Language is the most important means of communication of human beings. People use language as the medium of expressing ideas, feeling, and thoughts. Every language has restrictions on how words must be arranged to construct a sentence or how words should be spoken properly. Phonology is one of the core fields that compose the discipline of linguistics, which is defined as study of the patterns of sounds in a language and across languages. To put more formally, phonology is the study of the categorical organization of speech sounds in languages; how speech sounds are organized in the mind and used to convey meaning. In respect of much ethnic diversity, Indonesia has many local languages. In Indonesia, there are approximately 400 local languages.
In general, Indonesian is bilingual whose societies at least know two languages which are mother tongue and Bahasa Indonesia as national language.
Local language is a language that is used in area of a country and used in daily conversation by local people. One of the local languages used to communicate is Bangka language. Bangka language is a local language that tends to be used by people of Bangka Island due to its convenience and clarity. Bangka language is part of the Malay language cluster in general, but it changes the pronunciation of letter 'e' to 'E'. Bangka language is also similar to Indonesian, with a few minor differences. There are also some minor differences between the dialects of Bangka, but they are mutually intelligible.

For instance between Pangkalpinang and
Sungailiat areas have a little difference in terms of language and dialect, as well as Belinyu and Toboali, but each region has its own characteristics. Dialect is accent of a language. Dialect is a variety of a language that signals where a person comes from. The notion is usually interpreted geographically (regional dialect), but it also has some application in According to Muslich (2008, p. 77), phoneme is the smallest unity of a language that serves to distinguish meaning. Maksan (1994, p. 45), states that in a language, the phoneme has a certain distribution, which is unlike any other language. A phoneme can occupy the beginning, middle, and end position of a word. However, it can also happen that certain phonemes can only occupy certain positions, for example it cannot occupy the final position, or only possible in the middle position, and so forth. Chaer (2009, p. 89) says that the distribution of phonemes is the ability for the phoneme to be in a certain position in a basic word.
The phoneme in the language will form the speech. The combination of some phonemes will form syllables and syllables will form words, as well as words will form sentences and speech. The phoneme arranged in the word will have a certain position in the word.
As primary form of a language, phonology is the most important language element (Samsuri, 1987). That is why the disclosure of phonology system in Bangka language is very important in conceiving it. One of the ways to do it is by analyzing one of language aspects that is phonology.
According to Chaer (2009, p. 5), phonology is the sounds of language as a complex unit of speech with "composite" between sounds that form syllables or syllables. Maksan (1994, p. 34

Allophones
Allophones are a kind of phoneme that changes its sound based on how a word is spelled. Think of the letter "T" and what kind of sound it makes in the word "tar" compared with "stuff." It's pronounced with a more forceful, clipped sound in the first example than it is in the second. Linguists use special punctuation to designate phonemes. The sound of an "L", for instance, is written as "/l/." Substituting one allophone for another allophone of the same phoneme doesn't lead to a different word, just a different pronunciation of the same word.
For this reason, allophones are said to be non-contrastive. For example, consider the tomato. Some people pronounce this word "toe-MAY-toe," while others pronounce it "toe-MAH-toe." The definition of "tomato" doesn't change, regardless of whether it's pronounced with a hard A or a softer tone.

Minimal Pairs
A minimal pair is a pair of words

RESULT
In this study, the researchers describe the vowel, consonant, diphthong and phonemic principle of Mentok dialect. Based on the data obtained, the sounds of the Lamalera language can be seen in Table 2

Allophones
It is any variation spoken sounds or signs used to pronounce a single phoneme in particular language. The writer found one allophone in Mentok dialect of Bangka language.

Minimal Pair
In this study, the writer does not find any minimal pairs in all 248 words.

CONCLUSION
As the result of Mentok dialect of Bangka language research with total 248 vocabularies obtained from the native speaker, the writer can conclude several things: