Identifikasi Preferensi UKM Dalam Mencari Sumber Pembiayaan Dari Lembaga Keuangan Mikro di Wilayah Kota Yogyakarta

  • Sri Utami Sekolah Tinggi Pembangunan Masyarakat Desa APMD
  • Cintya Hartanti Hutaminingrum Universitas Islam Indonesia
  • Hery Purnomo Sekolah Tinggi Pembangunan Masyarakat Desa APMD
Keywords: Preference, UMKM, LKM

Abstract

SMEs are one of the components driving economic growth which is supported by the existence of Microfinance Institutions. This study aims to look at the pattern of preferences and the factors that influence the preferences of SMEs in finding sources of financing for Microfinance Institutions. Cluster random sampling was used by distributing questionnaires and structured interviews with samples of MSMEs in Yogyakarta City, especially Umbulharjo District and Kotagede District. Meanwhile, a questionnaire was also given to MFIs to see their perceptions of SMEs. The data is processed using descriptive statistics and will be interpreted quantitatively and qualitatively. From the results of the analysis of respondents' preferences in general, some factors determine the selection of MFIs by customers in each MFI forming the segmentation. The conclusion is that banking MFIs are distinguished from non-banking MFIs. The determining factor for banking MFIs is the selection of MFIs by customers to serve both administrative speed and MFIs that are easily accessible from the location. The average determinant of non-bank MFIs in selecting good services is administrative speed and proximity to public transportation. The average segmentation preferences of SMEs for each MFI are: for respondents, banking MFIs are used to dealing with banks and are more oriented toward business development, looking for non-banking MFIs in the southwest, choosing MFIs because they are related to cooperatives, respondents have a high level of religion. relatively strong, simple administration with a fast time and there is an emotional connection between customers with cooperatives and BMT. This shows that cooperatives are trying to get customers from micro, business and individual income are each below IDR 5 million, stating the case that BMT is trying to get customers from micro, but business and individual incomes are smaller than customers in the cooperative segment which is below IDR 1 million.

Keywords: Preference, UMKM, LKM

 

Abstrak

UKM merupakan salah satu komponen penggerak pertumbuhan ekonomi yang didukung oleh keberadaan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pola preferensi dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi preferensi UKM dalam mencari sumber pembiayaan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro. Melalui penyebaran kuesioner dan wawancara terstruktur dengan sampel UMKM yang terpilih melalui cluster random sampling di Kota Yogyakarta khususnya Kecamatan Umbulharjo dan Kecamatan Kotagede. Sementara itu, kuesioner juga diberikan kepada LKM  untuk melihat persepsi mereka terhadap UKM. Data diolah dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan akan diinterpretasikan secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil analisis preferensi responden secara umum, terdapat faktor penentu pemilihan LKM oleh nasabah  pada setiap LKM pembentuk segmentasi. Kesimpulan bahwa LKM perbankan dibedakan dengan LKM non perbankan. Faktor penentu LKM perbankan dipilih oleh nasabah karena kecepatan administrasi pelayanan dan LKM yang mudah dijangkau dari lokasi. Rata-rata faktor penentu LKM non bank dipilih adalah karena pelayanan yang baik dengan kecepatan administrasi dan dekat dengan angkutan umum. Preferensi segmentasi rata-rata UKM untuk masing-masing LKM adalah: LKM perbankan sudah terbiasa berurusan dengan bank dan lebih berorientasi pada pengembangan usaha sedangkan LKM non perbankan karena berkaitan dengan koperasi, responden memiliki tingkat religi yang relatif kuat, administrasi yang sederhana dengan waktu yang cepat serta adanya hubungan emosional antara nasabah dengan koperasi dan BMT. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa koperasi berusaha mendapatkan nasabah dari mikro, pendapatan usaha dan individu masing-masing di bawah Rp5 juta. BMT berusaha mendapatkan pelanggan dari mikro, tetapi pendapatan usaha dan individu lebih kecil dari pelanggan segmen Koperasi yang dibawah Rp1 juta

Kata kunci: Preference, UMKM, LKM

References

Abrahamson, Eric , 1987. The Academy of Management Review, Vol. 16, No. 3 (Jul., 1991), pp. 586-612. Academy of Management

Anderson, Dennis, 1982, “Small-Scale Industry in Developing Countries: A Discussion of the

Issues” Word Development

Anyebe, I. D., Zubairu, M. U., & Onuh, O. D. 2021. A Systematic Review of Financial Intermediaries Research. International Research Journal of Business Studies, 14(1), 69–84. https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.14.1.69-84

Ardani,A., 1996, “Regional Development in Indonesion: Issues and Challenge”, Discussion

paper No 36, Nagaya University

Ashari. 2006. Potensi Lembaga Keuangan Mikro (LKM) dalam Pembangunan Ekonomi Pedesaan dan Kebijakan Pengembangannya. Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 4 (2), : 146-164

Brata, A.G.,1997,”Struktur dan Kinerja Perbankan”, Kumpulan Tulisan, Penerbit UAJY

Yogyakarta.

Chandles, A.D. Jr., 1990,”Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism,”

Harvard University, Cambridge.

Dinner, I. M., Kushwaha, T., & Steenkamp, J.-B. E. M. (2019). Psychic distance and performance of MNCs during marketing crises. Journal of International Business Studies, 50(3), 339–364. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-018-0187-z

Gu, S., & Amua Dodoo, R. N. (2021). The Impact of Firm Performance on Annual Report Readability. International Research Journal of Business Studies, 14(1), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.14.1.59-68

Helmi, S., Ariana, S., & Supardin, L. (2022). The Role of Brand Image as a Mediation of The Effect of Advertising and Sales Promotion on Customer Purchase Decision. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 13(8), 90–99. https://doi.org/10.7176/JESD/13-8-09

Helmi, S., Suyanto, M., Efendi, I., Hidayat, A., Mustafa, Z., Istanto, Y., & Susanto, S. (2022). The Influence of Internal Marketing on Internal Service Quality Mediated by Job Satisfaction and Employee Loyalty. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 3(6), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.7176/JESD/13-6-09

Hermes, N., & Hudon, M. (2018). Determinants of The Performance of Microfinance Institutions: A Systematic Review: Determinants of The Performance of Microfinance Institutions. Journal of Economic Surveys, 32(5), 1483–1513. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12290

Kidder, Thalia. 1997. Macro Debates at the Micro-Credit Summit. Jounal of Development in Practice. 7(4), 432-435

Kuncoro, M & Suharjono., 2002,”Manajemen Perbankan Teori dan Aplikasi”, BPFE Yogyakarta.

Lambing, Peggy. A.Kuehl, Charles,R., 2003,”Entrpreneurship”., Prentice Hall: New Jersey.

McFadden, Daniel L. (1984). Chapter 24 Econometric analysis of qualitative response models, Handbook of Econometrics, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4412(84)02016-X.

Memon, A., Akram, W., Abbas, G., Chandio, A. A., Adeel, S., & Yasmin, I. (2022). Financial Sustainability of Microfinance Institutions and Macroeconomic Factors: A Case of South Asia. South Asian Journal of Macroeconomics and Public Finance, 11(1), 116–142. https://doi.org/10.1177/22779787211007970

Menegkop dan UKM, 2001.,”Statistik Pengusaha Kecil dan Menengah”.

Miskhin, F., 2001., “The Economics of Money, Banking, and Fianancial Markets,”, Addson

Wesley, USA.

Parker, W.N. (1979), “Industry”, in Peter Burke (ed), The New Cambridge Modern History, Vol. XIII, Companion

Volume.

Parker, W.N. (1979), “Industry”, in Peter Burke (ed), The New Cambridge Modern History, Vol. XIII, Companion

Volume.

Mustafa, F., Khursheed, A., & Fatima, M. (2018). Impact of global financial crunch on financially innovative microfinance institutions in South Asia. Financial Innovation, 4(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-018-0099-8

Parker, W.N. (1979), “Industry”, in Peter Burke (ed), The New Cambridge Modern History, Vol. XIII, Companion Volume.

Panandiker, Pai, D.H. (1996), "Status of SMEs in terms of their competitive strength", paper presented for the IX International Conference on Small and Medium Enterprises", New Delhi, 17-19 April, WASME.

Piore, M. J., & Sabel, C. F. (1984). The second industrial divide: possibilities for prosperity. New York: Basic Books.

Pusat Studi Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Publik., 2004.,”Identifikasi Faktor-faktor Penyebab Rendahnya Loan to Deposit (LDR)di Propinsi DIY”, PSEKP UGM

Bank Indonesia, Yogyakarta.

Republik Indonesia, Undang-undang No 7 Tahun 1992 tentang Perbankan

.............................., Undang-undang No 9 Tahun 1995 tentang Perbankan

.............................., Undang-undang No 10 Tahun 1998 tentang Perbankan

.............................., Undang-undang No 23 Tahun 1999 tentang Bank Indonesia.

Reynolds, Paul D., David J. Storey and Paul Westhead, 1994.,”Cross National Comparison

of the Variation on the New Firm Formation Rates”, Regional Studies 27, pp.443-456.

Scherer, F.M., and D. Ross, 1990, “Industrial Market Strukture and Economic

Performance”, Houghton Mifflin, Boston.

Shenkar, O., Tallman, S. B., Wang, H., & Wu, J. (2022). National culture and international business: A path forward. Journal of International Business Studies, 53(3), 516–533. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-020-00365-3

Soeratno dan Arsyad., 1993, “Metodologi Penelitian”, Edisi Revisi, Penerbit UPP AMP

YKPN, Yogyakarta

Sumodiningrat, G., 1996,” Pembangunan Daerah dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat”, PT Bina

Rena Pariwara, Jakarta.

............................, 2000,”Lembaga Keuangan di Pedesaan dan Pembiayaan Usaha Kecil”,

Makalah Dalam Lokakarya Pengembangan Microfinnance di Indonesia, Yogyakarta.

Steel, William, F. (1979), "The Urban Artisanal Sector in Ghana and the Cameroon: Comparison of Structure and Policy Problems", paper presented at the Conference on Small-Scale Production in Urban Africa, March, University of Paris.

Tambunan, Tulus Th., 2006,”Development of Small & Medium Enterprises in Indinesia from Asia-Pasific Perspective”.

Tambunan, T. T. H. (2009). SME Development Pattern: A Theoretical Consideration. SMEs in Asian Developing Countries, 17–36. doi:10.1057/9780230250949_2.

Utami, Sri., 2008,”Tantangan Seputar Usaha Kecil dan Beberapa Pemikiran untuk Pembinaan”, Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Alternatip, Vol ix, no 2, Desember 2008.

Utami, Sri., 2012,”Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Rakyat Melaui Kolaborasi Bisnis, Studi Kasus Industri Kecil Kerajinan Mendong di Dusun Parakan Desa Sen dangsari Kec.Minggir Kab.Sleman DIY.,“Jurnal Manajemen”, ISSN 2088-7598, Vol 2, No 1, Juni 2012, Fak Ekonomi UST Yogyakarta.

Utami, Sri., 2015,”Baitul Mall waTanmil Sebagai Lembaga Keuangangan Mikro dalam

mewujudkan Daya Dukung Pengembangan Kualitas UKM di Kec.

Umbulharjo Kota Yogyakarta (hasil penelitian)

Utami, Sri., dkk,”Manajemen UKM Berbasis Produk Sejenis Dalam Rangka Menghadapi

Pasar Global, “Jurnal Siasat Bisnis (JSB)”,ISSN 0853-7666, Vol 17, No 2, Juli 2013, Pusat Studi Pengembangan Manajemen (PPM) Fak.Ekonomi UII, Yogyakarta

Wijono, W. 2005. Pemberdayaan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro sebaga Salah Satu Pilar Sistem Keuangan Nasional: Upaya Konkrit Memutus Rantai Kemiskinan. Kajian Ekonomi dan Keuangan (Edisi Khusus). Pusat Pengkajian Ekonomi dan Keuangan. Badan Pengkajian Ekonomi, Keuangan dan Kerjasama Internasional. Dpartemen Keuangan.

Yustika, Ahmad Erani, 2006,”Ekonomi Kelembagaan, Definisi, Teori dan Strategi”, Bayu Media, Malang

Zain Yunus, 2010, “Skema Pembiayaan Perbankan Daerah Menurut Karakteristik UMKM pada Sektor Ekonomi Unggulan”di Slawesi Selatan.,”Jurnal F.E.” Unhas Sulawesi Selatan.

Published
2022-06-08
How to Cite
Utami, S., Hutaminingrum, C., & Purnomo, H. (2022). Identifikasi Preferensi UKM Dalam Mencari Sumber Pembiayaan Dari Lembaga Keuangan Mikro di Wilayah Kota Yogyakarta. MBIA, 21(1), 31–46. https://doi.org/10.33557/mbia.v21i1.1714
Section
Articles
Abstract viewed = 254 times
pdf : 340 times